{"id":3738,"date":"2019-11-11T15:40:12","date_gmt":"2019-11-11T08:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bizuni.vn\/kien-thuc-quan-tri\/?p=3738"},"modified":"2022-10-15T22:47:48","modified_gmt":"2022-10-15T15:47:48","slug":"8-loi-khuyen-tai-chinh-huu-ich-cho-nguoi-moi-khoi-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bizuni.vn\/kien-thuc-quan-tri\/8-loi-khuyen-tai-chinh-huu-ich-cho-nguoi-moi-khoi-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"8 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh h\u1eefu \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Jonathan Long<\/strong> – Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp, Uber<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hay t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t startup, th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1m l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai l\u1ea7m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

1.Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea1n v\u1ed1n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft m\u1ed7i ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Cho d\u00f9 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t khi h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cb\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch\u201d ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. H\u00e3y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i n\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u00e1t sao.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi ti\u00eau<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Khi m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 th\u1ee9 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ee7a v\u00e2y b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi ph\u00eda. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng hay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch eo h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u00f2ng thu\u1ebf h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebf to\u00e1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ba b\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n. T\u1eebng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u starup chi ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1o doanh thu n\u00ean l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

4.V\u1eeba l\u1ea1c quan, v\u1eeba chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kinh doanh, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u1eebng v\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111i ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e3y l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00f2ng cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u. \u0110\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n thay, ch\u00fang lu\u00f4n x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u00fac b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd t\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t doanh nh\u00e2n, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, ngay khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u nh\u01b0 Roth IRA<\/a> hay m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 c\u00f2n h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 vi m\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ti\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng cho m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 E*TRADE. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

5.M\u1ed7i gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ec1n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. M\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y (v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n) l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

6.T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. Khi b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u00eanh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u00e3y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u00eanh do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian l\u1eabn chi ph\u00ed, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i sinh l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t. Khi b\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

7.H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho m\u00ecnh<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n no b\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n th\u1eadt h\u1eadu h\u0129nh, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e3y tr\u00edch m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Khi b\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng m\u00ec g\u00f3i. H\u00e3y s\u1ed1ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/span><\/p>\n

8.Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u USD,\u201d \u00a0b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chia nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau doanh thu h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. B\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean su\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i. Vi\u1ec7c chinh ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u trong su\u1ed1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200blu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/em><\/p>\n

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M\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

C\u1ea4U TR\u00daC V\u00c0 CHI\u1ebeN L\u01af\u1ee2C NGU\u1ed2N V\u1ed0N <\/span><\/strong>(GV: Nguy\u1ec5n Kim H\u00f9ng<\/a><\/strong><\/span>)<\/p>\n